diff --git a/src/js/like-button.js b/src/js/like-button.js
index 3a0a0f9..0b71e5d 100644
--- a/src/js/like-button.js
+++ b/src/js/like-button.js
@@ -1,3 +1,30 @@
+/**
+ * Helper function to handle fetch requests, parse the response, and manage common errors.
+ * @param {string} url - The URL to fetch.
+ * @param {object} options - The options for the fetch request.
+ * @returns {Promise<object>} - A promise that resolves to the JSON response data.
+ */
+const fetchApiData = async (url, options = {}) => {
+    const response = await fetch(url, options);
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+        let errorMessage;
+        // Specifically handle the "Too Many Requests" error
+        if (response.status === 429) {
+            // Try to get the plain text message from the response body
+            const errorText = await response.text();
+            errorMessage = errorText || 'Too many requests. Please try again later.';
+        } else {
+            errorMessage = `Server responded with status ${response.status}`;
+        }
+        // Throw an error with our improved message
+        throw new Error(errorMessage);
+    }
+
+    // If the response is OK, try to parse it as JSON.
+    return response.json();
+};
+
 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
     const likeIcon = document.querySelector('[data-like-button]');
     if (!likeIcon) return;
@@ -28,9 +55,7 @@ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
     // Fetch and display the initial like count and set the initial state
     const getInitialState = async () => {
         try {
-            const response = await fetch(`/api/likes/${slug}`);
-            if (!response.ok) return;
-            const data = await response.json();
+            const data = await fetchApiData(`/api/likes/${slug}`);
             const isLiked = localStorage.getItem(storageKey) === 'true';
             updateUI(isLiked, data.count || 0);
             // Check if the user has ever interacted with this button before
@@ -43,7 +68,7 @@ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
                 }, 2000); // Animation duration is 2s
             }
         } catch (error) {
-            console.error('Error fetching likes:', error);
+            console.error(`Error fetching initial like state for slug ${slug}:`, error.message);
         }
     };
 
@@ -62,20 +87,15 @@ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
         const method = isCurrentlyLiked ? 'DELETE' : 'POST';
 
         try {
-            const response = await fetch(`/api/likes/${slug}`, { method });
-            if (!response.ok) {
-                throw new Error(`Server responded with ${response.status}`);
-            }
-            const data = await response.json();
+            const data = await fetchApiData(`/api/likes/${slug}`, { method });
 
             const isNowLiked = !isCurrentlyLiked;
             // Update localStorage to remember the user's choice
             localStorage.setItem(storageKey, isNowLiked);
             // Update the button and count on the page
             updateUI(isNowLiked, data.count);
-
         } catch (error) {
-            console.error('Error submitting like/unlike:', error);
+            console.error(`Error submitting like/unlike for slug ${slug}:`, error.message);
         } finally {
             isRequestInProgress = false;
         }
diff --git a/src/js/view-counter.js b/src/js/view-counter.js
index 1ebc8bd..a17e4ae 100644
--- a/src/js/view-counter.js
+++ b/src/js/view-counter.js
@@ -1,72 +1,70 @@
+/**
+ * Helper function to handle fetch requests, parse the response, and manage common errors.
+ * @param {string} url - The URL to fetch.
+ * @param {object} options - The options for the fetch request.
+ * @returns {Promise<object>} - A promise that resolves to the JSON response data.
+ */
+const fetchViewData = async (url, options = {}) => {
+    const response = await fetch(url, options);
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+        let errorMessage;
+        // Specifically handle the "Too Many Requests" error
+        if (response.status === 429) {
+            // Try to get the plain text message from the response body
+            const errorText = await response.text();
+            errorMessage = errorText || 'Too many requests. Please try again later.';
+        } else {
+            errorMessage = `Server responded with status ${response.status}`;
+        }
+        // Throw an error with our improved message
+        throw new Error(errorMessage);
+    }
+
+    // If the response is OK, try to parse it as JSON.
+    // A SyntaxError here would indicate an API problem (e.g., returning non-JSON on a 200 OK).
+    return response.json();
+};
+
 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
     // Select all elements that are designated to display view counts.
     const viewCountElements = document.querySelectorAll('[data-view-count]');
 
     // If no such elements are found, do nothing.
-    if (viewCountElements.length === 0) {
-        return;
-    }
+    if (viewCountElements.length === 0) return;
 
     // Process each view count element found on the page.
-    viewCountElements.forEach(element => {
+    viewCountElements.forEach(async (element) => {
         const slug = element.dataset.slug;
-        if (!slug) {
-            // Skip if the element is missing the data-slug attribute.
-            return;
-        }
+        if (!slug) return;
 
         // Check if the element is on a single post page by looking for a `.post-meta` parent.
         // This distinguishes a single post view (which should be counted) from a list view.
         const isSinglePost = element.closest('.post-meta');
+        const shouldIncrement = isSinglePost && !localStorage.getItem(`viewed-${slug}`);
+        const apiUrl = `/api/views/${slug}`;
 
-        if (isSinglePost) {
-            // On a single post page, increment the view count.
-            const viewed = localStorage.getItem(`viewed-${slug}`);
+        try {
+            const options = shouldIncrement ? { method: 'POST' } : {};
+            const data = await fetchViewData(apiUrl, options);
 
-            // Only increment if the user hasn't viewed this post in the current session.
-            if (!viewed) {
-                fetch(`/api/views/${slug}`, { method: 'POST' })
-                    .then(response => {
-                        if (!response.ok) throw new Error('Network response was not ok');
-                        return response.json();
-                    })
-                    .then(data => {
-                        const count = data.count ?? 'Error';
-                        element.textContent = `${count} ${count === 1 ? 'view' : 'views'}`;
-                        // Mark as viewed to prevent re-counting on refresh.
-                        localStorage.setItem(`viewed-${slug}`, 'true');
-                    })
-                    .catch(error => {
-                        console.error(`Error incrementing view count for slug ${slug}:`, error);
-                        element.textContent = 'N/A';
-                    });
-            } else {
-                // If already viewed in this session, just fetch the count without incrementing.
-                fetch(`/api/views/${slug}`)
-                    .then(response => {
-                        if (!response.ok) throw new Error('Network response was not ok');
-                        return response.json();
-                    })
-                    .then(data => {
-                        const count = data.count ?? 0;
-                        element.textContent = `${count} ${count === 1 ? 'view' : 'views'}`;
-                    })
-                    .catch(error => {
-                        console.error(`Error fetching view count for slug ${slug}:`, error);
-                        element.textContent = 'N/A';
-                    });
+            if (shouldIncrement) {
+                // Mark as viewed to prevent re-counting on refresh.
+                localStorage.setItem(`viewed-${slug}`, 'true');
             }
-        } else {
-            // On a list page (like the main blog page), just fetch and display the count.
-            fetch(`/api/views/${slug}`)
-                .then(response => response.json())
-                .then(data => {
-                    element.textContent = data.count ?? 0;
-                })
-                .catch(error => {
-                    console.error(`Error fetching view count for slug ${slug}:`, error);
-                    element.textContent = 'N/A';
-                });
+
+            // Update UI based on context (single post vs. list)
+            if (isSinglePost) {
+                // On a post, show "N views". Use 'Error' as a fallback if incrementing returns bad data.
+                const count = data.count ?? (shouldIncrement ? 'Error' : 0);
+                element.textContent = `${count} ${count === 1 ? 'view' : 'views'}`;
+            } else {
+                // On a list, just show the number.
+                element.textContent = data.count ?? 0;
+            }
+        } catch (error) {
+            console.error(`Error processing view count for slug ${slug}:`, error.message);
+            element.textContent = 'N/A';
         }
     });
 });
\ No newline at end of file